Susie Jones
Новини от индустрията • 3 мин. четене

Всичко, което трябва да знаете за системата за влизане/излизане от ЕС

Създаден: 14.10.2024

Актуализирано: 14.10.2024

ЕС ще въведе системата за влизане/излизане (EES), чието стартиране беше планирано за ноември, но се забави поради опасения. Тя ще промени изискванията към британските граждани, които пътуват в Шенгенското пространство, и ще изисква от всеки, който притежава британски паспорт, да регистрира биометрични данни като пръстови отпечатъци или снимка. Системата ще замени ръчното подпечатване на паспортите, когато посетителите влизат в ЕС. Събрахме всичко, което трябва да знаете преди промяната.

Какво изисква EES от пътниците?

Всяка държава, която използва EES, ще изисква от пътниците следната информация:

  • Място на влизане и излизане

  • Дата на влизане и излизане

  • Документи за пътуване.

Какви са ползите?

EES има следните предимства:

  • С него се модернизира управлението на външните граници на ЕС и се подобрява качеството на пътуването.

  • EES се бори с измамите със самоличност чрез събиране на биометрични данни.

  • Тя може да идентифицира лицата, които са пресрочили престоя си в страната, и надеждно предоставя данни за влизанията, излизанията и отказите.

  • Подобрените гранични проверки, електронните регистри и биометричните данни ще засилят сигурността в ЕС.

  • Тя осигурява обмен на информация в реално време, което позволява на граничните органи в ЕС да виждат правилната информация в точния момент.

Какви са опасенията?

В дългосрочен план новата ЕЗС ще рационализира операциите и ще бъде от полза за пътниците извън ЕС. Съществуват обаче няколко опасения относно новата система:

  • Поне три държави от ЕС не са напълно подготвени за старта.

  • Няколко държави може да не са в състояние да въведат усъвършенстваната биометрична система.

  • В пристанище Дувър - един от най-натоварените пунктове в Обединеното кралство - системата не е тествана по подходящ начин.

  • Първоначалното стартиране може да доведе до увеличаване на закъсненията на граничните контролно-пропускателни пунктове.

По-нататъшното забавяне на официалното пускане на EES може да премахне някои от тези опасения.

Операторите на тежкотоварни автомобили от Обединеното кралство изразиха загриженост относно ограничението за пътуване в Шенген за 90 дни от 180 дни - поддържането на редовни бизнес операции в ЕС може да се окаже предизвикателство. Фирмите от автопарка с шофьори от държави извън ЕС могат да бъдат изправени пред ограничения за пътуване или глоби, ако ограничението бъде надхвърлено.

Как да се подготвят автопарковете и шофьорите?

Автопарковете и шофьорите не могат да направят много, за да се подготвят за новата система - по-голямата част от подготовката ще се извърши лично в пристанището. Въпреки това автопарковете и водачите могат да предприемат следните мерки, за да осигурят плавен преход:

  • Когато резервирате пътуване, уверете се, че разполагате с цялата необходима информация, преди да пътувате до пристанището.

  • Знайте какво да очаквате, когато пристигнете - практическите различия означават, че процесът ще се различава на различните места.

  • Осигурете си достатъчно време, за да изпълните формалностите преди пътуването, особено ако пътувате близо до началната дата.

Кои държави ще използват EES?

Следните държави ще използват EES:

Австрия, Белгия, България, Хърватия, Чехия, Дания, Естония, Финландия, Франция, Германия, Гърция, Унгария, Исландия, Италия, Латвия, Лихтенщайн, Литва, Люксембург, Малта, Холандия, Норвегия, Полша, Португалия, Румъния, Словакия, Словения, Испания, Швеция, Швейцария.

Кога не се прилага EES?

Съществуват няколко изключения от новата ЕЕС:

  • Граждани на страните, които използват EES (включително Кипър и Ирландия).

  • Граждани на държави извън ЕС, които са в пряка роднинска връзка с гражданин на ЕС. Те трябва да притежават карта за пребиваване.

  • Всеки гражданин на държава извън ЕС, който притежава карта за пребиваване или разрешително, пряко свързано с гражданин на държава извън ЕС, може да пътува в цяла Европа като гражданин на ЕС.

  • Граждани с разрешение за пребиваване или виза за дългосрочно пребиваване.

  • Граждани на Андора, Монако и Сан Марино.

  • Лица с паспорт, издаден от Градската държава Ватикана или Светия престол.

  • Всички лица, освободени от гранични проверки (като държавни глави или трансгранични работници).

  • Граждани, притежаващи валидно разрешение за местен граничен трафик.

  • Екипаж на пътнически и товарни влакове по време на международни свързващи пътувания.

  • Всеки, от когото не се изисква да пресича външните граници, може да се намира единствено на граничните контролно-пропускателни пунктове в рамките на фиксираното работно време.

Какво ще стане, ако не предоставя данните си?

Ако не предоставите изискваните лични данни, ще ви бъде отказано влизане в държави от ЕС, които използват EES. За компаниите, занимаващи се с автопаркове, това може да доведе до загуба на приходи, ако техните водачи не предоставят съответната информация.

Нужен ли ми е биометричен паспорт с новия EES?

В новата система EES се приемат както биометрични, така и небиометрични паспорти. Автоматизираните системи за преминаване на границата изискват биометричен паспорт.

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