Miranda Blake
Novice in posodobitve • 3 min branja

Direktiva o delovnem času voznikov: Vodnik za voznike tovornjakov

Ustvarjeno: 25. 10. 2024

Posodobljeno: 29. 10. 2024

Kot voznik tovornjaka v Združenem kraljestvu morate dobro poznati zapletene predpise o delovnem času in času počitka voznikov. Direktiva o delovnem času voznikov (WTD), znana tudi kot direktiva o cestnem prometu, je sklop pravil, ki ureja največje število ur, ki jih lahko voznik dela, obvezne odmore, ki jih mora upoštevati, in obvezne počitke, ki jih mora upoštevati. Neupoštevanje teh predpisov lahko povzroči visoke globe in celo blokado vašega vozila.

Razumevanje direktive o delovnem času voznikov

Direktiva o delovnem času voznikov je zakonodaja Evropske unije, katere cilj je zagotoviti varnost vseh udeležencev v prometu s preprečevanjem nesreč, povezanih z utrujenostjo. Pravila o delovnem času voznikov veljajo za tiste, ki vozijo vozila, težja od 3,5 tone, ne glede na to, ali posameznik opravlja dejavnost v Združenem kraljestvu ali v EU.

Dnevne omejitve vožnje

V skladu z WTD je za voznike tovornjakov v Združenem kraljestvu predpisana dnevna omejitev vožnje na 9 ur, ki se lahko največ dvakrat na teden podaljša na 10 ur. Po 4,5 urah neprekinjene ali prekinjene vožnje morajo vozniki narediti najmanj 45-minutni odmor. Lahko se odločijo tudi za deljeni odmor, pri čemer prvi traja najmanj 15 minut, drugi pa najmanj 30 minut.

Tedenske in štirinajstdnevne omejitve vožnje

Za voznike tovornjakov v Združenem kraljestvu velja tedenska omejitev vožnje, ki znaša 56 ur, štirinajstdnevna omejitev pa je 90 ur. To pomeni, da če voznik v enem tednu opravi 56 ur, lahko v naslednjem tednu dela le 34 ur, da ne bi presegel 90-urne štirinajstdnevne omejitve.

Delovni čas kape

Poleg omejitve časa vožnje direktiva WTD določa tudi omejitve skupnega števila ur, ki jih lahko voznik opravi na teden. Povprečni tedenski delovni čas, ki vključuje naloge, povezane z vožnjo, in naloge, ki niso povezane z vožnjo, ne sme presegati 48 ur, izračunanih v 17-tedenskem ali 26-tedenskem referenčnem obdobju. Najdaljši delovni čas v enem tednu je 60 ur, če ni preseženo 48-urno povprečje.

Počitek

WTD zahteva, da vozniki težkih tovornih vozil dnevno počivajo vsaj 11 zaporednih ur, ki se lahko razdelijo na dve obdobji, pri čemer prvo traja vsaj 3 ure. Vozniki se lahko odločijo tudi za krajši dnevni počitek, ki traja devet ur, vendar lahko to storijo le trikrat na teden. Poleg tega je obvezen tedenski počitek, ki traja vsaj 45 ur, vendar se lahko enkrat v dveh tednih skrajša na 24 ur.

Izjeme

Čeprav WTD velja za večino voznikov tovornjakov v Združenem kraljestvu, obstajajo nekatere izjeme, ki se lahko uporabljajo v posebnih okoliščinah. Na primer, tistim, ki ne vozijo več kot 10-krat v obdobju 26 tednov ali 15-krat v časovnem okviru, daljšem od 26 tednov, morda ni treba spremljati direktive o delovnem času.

Posledice neskladnosti

Neupoštevanje WTD ima lahko resne posledice za voznike in upravljavce voznega parka. Vozniki, ki jih zalotijo pri kršitvi predpisov, lahko plačajo globo do 1 500 GBP, če pa pravila kršijo več kot petkrat v 28 dneh, jih lahko privedejo na sodišče in jim odvzamejo vozilo.

Upravljavci voznih parkov morajo zagotoviti skladnost v celotnem voznem parku. Če ne izvajajo zadostnih ukrepov za spremljanje in izvajanje WTD, lahko DVSA izda obvestilo o izboljšanju, v skrajnem primeru pa zahteva, da prenehajo delovati, dokler se težave ne odpravijo.

Pomen rešitev za upravljanje voznega parka, integriranih s tahografi

Za učinkovito upravljanje delovnega časa voznikov in zagotavljanje skladnosti z WTD morajo upravljavci voznih parkov razmisliti o naložbi v rešitve za upravljanje voznega parka, integrirane s tahografi. Te namenske tehnologije omogočajo učinkovito spremljanje vedenja voznikov ter samodejno beleženje podatkov o vožnji in delovnem času, zaradi česar je praktično nemogoče, da bi neskladnost ostala neopažena.

S sodelovanjem z zaupanja vrednim ponudnikom, kot je SNAP, lahko upravljavci voznih parkov uporabljajo najsodobnejša orodja za upravljanje voznih parkov in dostopajo do obsežnega omrežja storitvenih partnerjev, s čimer zagotovijo, da imajo njihovi vozniki podporo, ki jo potrebujejo za zagotavljanje skladnosti in varnosti na cesti.

Vpliv pomanjkanja voznikov

Upoštevati je treba tudi pomanjkanje voznikov v Združenem kraljestvu. To se je v panogi izkazalo za velik problem. V panogi je prišlo do upada voznikov težkih tovornih vozil - zaradi pandemije je bilo odloženih 30.000 izpitov za nove voznike, brexit pa je močno prizadel podjetja, ki se ukvarjajo z voznimi parki - veliko evropskih voznikov tovornjakov je zapustilo Združeno kraljestvo.

Poročilo SNAP za leto 2023 navaja, da bi lahko sektor v naslednjih 10-15 letih dosegel "prelomno točko". Morda se bo izkazalo, da je direktiva o delovnem času voznikov prav to, kar panoga potrebuje, da bi poklic voznika spet postal zaželen in bi zagotovil boljše ravnovesje za voznike. Več o tem, kaj lahko storimo za odpravo pomanjkanja voznikov, si preberite v poročilu.

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